The IPBES Nexus Assessment examines the interconnections between biodiversity, water, food, health, and climate change, and their mutual impacts. While climate change is not in the title, it is treated as a core element due to its significant influence across all nexus areas. Energy, land, soil, and air are also considered where relevant, though not as primary nexus elements.
The report highlights the importance of “nexus approaches,” which address these challenges holistically rather than in isolation, aiming to avoid misaligned policies and unintended consequences. By examining interactions across spatial and temporal scales, the assessment promotes integrated governance and decision-making.
The summary for policymakers draws on diverse knowledge systems to assess past, present, and future trends, with a focus on the contributions of nature to people. It outlines response options to promote coordinated, transformative actions aligned with global goals, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, and the Paris Agreement.
The summary is structured into four parts:
A. Past and current interactions,
B. Future interactions,
C. Response options, and
D. Governance strategies.
Key and background messages provide detailed evidence and guidance for policy decisions, supported by traceable sources and confidence assessments.
